Articles, My Contribution to Science

Exosomal MicroRNAs and Endometriosis: Investigating Potential Treatments

Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows outside of it, causing inflammation, pain, and infertility. It affects millions of women worldwide, and current treatments are limited in their effectiveness and often associated with significant side effects.

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential of exosomes, small vesicles secreted by cells, as a novel therapeutic approach for endometriosis. Exosomes contain a variety of molecules, including microRNAs, which can be taken up by target cells and modulate their functions.

As a researcher in molecular genetics and global health, I have been investigating the effects of targeted exosomal microRNAs on angiogenesis and apoptosis in endometriosis. Angiogenesis is the process of new blood vessel formation, which is necessary for the growth and survival of endometriotic tissue. Apoptosis, on the other hand, is a programmed cell death process that eliminates damaged or unwanted cells.

Our research has focused on identifying specific microRNAs that are dysregulated in endometriotic lesions compared to normal endometrial tissue. Using cell-based assays and animal models, we have shown that targeted delivery of certain microRNAs can inhibit angiogenesis and promote apoptosis in endometriotic cells, leading to a reduction in lesion growth and pain.

This research has significant implications for the development of new treatments for endometriosis. Traditional treatments, such as hormonal therapy and surgery, can have significant side effects and are not always effective in managing the symptoms of the disease. Targeted delivery of exosomal microRNAs could provide a more precise and effective approach to treating endometriosis, with fewer side effects.

Furthermore, our research has broader implications for the field of exosome-based therapeutics. Exosomes are increasingly recognized as important mediators of cell-cell communication, and their potential as therapeutic agents is being explored for a range of conditions, from cancer to infectious diseases. By investigating the mechanisms by which exosomal microRNAs can modulate angiogenesis and apoptosis in endometriosis, we are contributing to a growing body of knowledge on the therapeutic potential of exosomes.

In conclusion, our research on the effects of targeted exosomal microRNAs on angiogenesis and apoptosis in endometriosis has significant implications for the development of new treatments for this condition. By investigating the potential of exosome-based therapeutics, we are contributing to a growing field with broad applications in woman’s health.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26841879/

الميكرونازيات القذفية والتهاب البطانة الرحمية: دراسة العلاجات المحتملة

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Articles, Interesting Things, My Contribution to Science

Global Health and Humanitarianism: The Importance of Collaboration

In today’s interconnected world, health disparities and humanitarian crises have far-reaching consequences that transcend national borders. As such, it is imperative that individuals, communities, and organizations work collaboratively to address these challenges. This is where global health and humanitarianism come into play. Global health is a field that aims to improve health and achieve equity in health for all people worldwide, while humanitarianism focuses on providing assistance to those affected by crisis and conflict. Together, these fields can make a significant impact on health disparities and humanitarian crises.

As someone who is passionate about global health and humanitarianism, I recently completed a certificate in global health and humanitarianism. This certificate program equipped me with the knowledge and skills necessary to approach global health and humanitarian issues from a multidisciplinary perspective. Through this program, I learned about the social determinants of health, the impact of cultural and political factors on healthcare delivery, and the various approaches to addressing global health challenges.

Moreover, the certificate program emphasized the importance of collaboration in global health and humanitarianism. Collaboration is key to addressing complex issues such as health disparities and humanitarian crises. By working together, individuals, communities, and organizations can leverage their resources and expertise to achieve greater impact. Collaboration also promotes cultural sensitivity, fosters mutual learning and understanding, and promotes sustainability in global health and humanitarian efforts.

The importance of collaboration in global health is evident in many initiatives and programs that have made significant progress in reducing health disparities. One such program is the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, which involves collaboration between the World Health Organization, UNICEF, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, among others. The program has made remarkable progress in eradicating polio, with cases declining by over 99% since 1988.

Another example is the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), which brings together various UN agencies, governments, and civil society organizations to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic. UNAIDS has made significant progress in reducing new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths, but much work remains to be done.

Collaboration also plays a vital role in humanitarian efforts. In humanitarian crises, multiple actors such as governments, NGOs, and international organizations must work together to provide lifesaving assistance to those affected. Collaboration can also help ensure that humanitarian aid is delivered in a culturally sensitive and sustainable manner.

In conclusion, global health and humanitarianism are critical fields that require collaboration to address health disparities and humanitarian crises effectively. My certificate in global health and humanitarianism has equipped me with the knowledge and skills necessary to approach these issues from a multidisciplinary perspective, and has emphasized the importance of collaboration in achieving impact. By working together, we can make a significant difference in improving health outcomes and promoting the well-being of all people, regardless of their background or circumstance.

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Articles, Interesting Things, My Contribution to Science

Leadership and Mentorship: Lessons Learned as a Leading Emerging and Diverse Scientist

Emerging and diverse scientists face many challenges as they navigate their way through academia. From the pressure to produce impactful research to the need for robust mentoring relationships, it can be difficult to know where to focus one’s energies. That is where LEADS (Leadership Excellence and Academic Development for Success) comes in. This program, sponsored by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH grant R25 GM116740) and developed by the Institute for Medical Research Education at the University of Pittsbergh, provides early career scientists from Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs) with the tools they need to succeed in academia.

One of the most critical components of LEADS is the Maximizing Mentoring module. Mentoring is critical for career success, yet many early career faculty struggle to develop robust mentoring relationships. In this module, participants identify the areas of expertise and qualities of their ideal mentor. They then identify a mentor or team of mentors using a combination of strategies and resources, including the National Research Mentoring Network, NIH RePORTER, and the broader RCMI community. They also learn how to contact potential mentors and manage mentoring relationships.

In my experience, mentoring is not just about imparting knowledge and wisdom. It is also about listening, providing support, and helping individuals achieve their goals. As a mentor, I have helped diverse scientists succeed in many ways. For example, I have provided advice on how to develop a research question, secure funding, and write grant applications. I have also provided emotional support during difficult times and helped individuals navigate the complex landscape of academia.

Another critical component of LEADS is the Introduction to Team Science module. In this module, participants learn the basics of team science and how to bring together the right mix of collaborators to enhance the success and impact of their research. Assembling the right team and reaping the full benefits of working with a team requires active planning and mindful management. We also review best practices for building and maintaining positive and productive working relationships with diverse collaborators from different disciplines, professions, and social backgrounds.

In my experience, team science is all about collaboration, communication, and respect. It is essential to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each team member and leverage those strengths to achieve common goals. Additionally, communication is critical to ensure that all team members are on the same page and working towards the same objectives. Finally, respect for different backgrounds and perspectives is essential to build a positive and productive working relationship.

LEADS has been a transformative program for me, and I would highly recommend it to any emerging and diverse scientists looking to develop their leadership and mentoring skills. Whether you are just starting your career or are a seasoned academic, LEADS provides a wealth of resources and knowledge to help you succeed.

Here is the link of the LEADS program, I was part of the 2016 cohort : https://icre.pitt.edu/LEADS/leads_programDetails.html

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Articles, Interesting Things, My Contribution to Science

Sickle cell disease and Malaria in Ghana and exosomal microRNAs

Our most recent article has just been published. We are always on the quest for global health and biomedical research. I began collecting samples in Ghana in 2014, as I mentioned in my first post on this blog. Contributing to science and patient health at this level is so rewarding. This article is dedicated to the volunteers, both patients and healthy, who agreed to take part in this study. I applaud their bravery. Also, I want to thank the Ghanaian people in general, since nothing would have been accomplished if it weren’t for their good will and spirit. I would like to thank the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, the University of Ghana, the Korle-Bu teaching hospital, and the Dodowa Regional hospital in Ghana, as well as the National Institutes of Health’s Fogarty International Center and Morehouse School of Medicine.

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/500/htm

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Articles, Bio, My Contribution to Science

Exosomes derived from endometriotic stromal cells have enhanced angiogenic effects in vitro.

Fig2

Cell Tissue Res. 2016 Feb 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Harp D, Driss A, Mehrabi S, Chowdhury I, Xu W, Liu D, Garcia-Barrio M, Taylor RN, Gold B, Jefferson S, Sidell N, Thompson W. Our objective has been to establish a pro-angiogenic role for exosomes in endometriosis and to determine whether a differential expression profile of cellular and exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) exists in endometriosis. We performed an in vitro study of human primary endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We isolated and characterized exosomes from ESCs from five endometriosis patients and five phase-matched controls. Exosomes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and NanoSight technology. MiRNA was assessed by deep sequencing and reverse transcription with quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Exosome uptake studies were achieved by means of confocal microscopy. The pro-angiogenic experiments were executed by treating HUVECs with ESC-derived exosomes. We observed differential profiles of exosomal miRNA expression between exosomes derived from endometriosis lesion cells and diseased eutopic stromal cells compared with exosomes derived from control ESCs. We also demonstrated autocrine cellular uptake of exosomes and paracrine functional angiogenic effects of exosomes on HUVECs. The results of this study support the hypothesis that exosomes derived from ESCs play autocrine/paracrine roles in the development of endometriosis, potentially modulating angiogenesis. The broader clinical implications are that Sampson’s theory of retrograde menstruation possibly encompasses the finding that exosomes work as intercellular communication modulators in endometriosis. PMID: 26841879 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
Full article free http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00441-016-2358-1Fig2

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Conference of Universities for Global Health 2015

Just attended the Conference of Universities for Global Health 2015 in Boston MA (USA). I was invited by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, headquarters of the UJMT consortium for Fogarty Global Health Fellowship Program. I made a presentation on my work in Ghana. That conference was an eye opening for me on how much more work has to be done in the field of global health.

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About, Articles, Bio, Interesting Things, My Contribution to Science

Well here we are on the “post” fellowship.

Ghana experience was GREAT!!!!

Wait let me insist, it was Amazing!!

The overall experience was priceless! I feel like I have accomplished so much in 11 months. I cannot thank enough the Fogarty Global Health program for allowing me this opportunity.

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I came back to Morehouse School of Medicine and am now working on endometriosis micro-RNA profiling. I am also helping in the establishment of a tissue repository for women health. In my evenings and free time, I work on the malaria and sickle cell samples doing mainly RT-qPCR and statistics. I want to publish my data ASAP so I can move on with my grant writing.

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I advise everyone who is interested in global health to apply to the Fogarty Global Health Fellowship program #FGHF with no hesitation. This is a very good way to get involved in the field, get international experience and especially help concretely people in need! Cause this is the main goal after all!!

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Fogarty Global Health Fellowship Program: My experience in Ghana.

Hi Folks,          Adel Driss Working in Ghana  5

My name is Dr. Adel Driss and I am a Fogarty Global Health Fellow from the University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Johns Hopkins University, Morehouse School of Medicine and Tulane University Consortium. This prestigious and selective program provided me an opportunity for training in global health research in a low and middle income country, which is Ghana. This 11-month-long mentored clinical research training program is sponsored by the Fogarty International Center and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

I am currently conducting an epidemiology analysis on malaria resistance at the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research at the University of Ghana, in collaboration with the Korle-bu Teaching Hospital in Accra. Before enrolling in this fellowship, I was part of the “Genomics and Hemoglobinopathies Program”, which is a NIH funded research project, focused on applying genomics methods on diseases related to hemoglobin such as sickle cell disease, thalassemia and malaria. I also taught biochemistry and genetics courses for the Morehouse School of Medicine Graduate Program and I am currently an advisor for an MPH-epidemiology student at Emory’s Prestigious Rollins School of Public Health.

CAM01786-1I arrived in Ghana in February 2014. It was the first time I had been in Sub-Saharan Africa. Being half African myself (Tunisian), I was sure the cultural shock would be minimal or easily dispensed. In the beginning housing was a little tricky, especially since I did not have a car. In Accra a car or a scooter is a must! However, the people I met were naturally accommodating. I was so happy to find that it is extremely easy to make friends! I have joined a running group and do some volunteer work.  Also, I was welcomed here by my host institute and by everyone in the scientific and medical communities.

There are always several challenges in establishing an international scientific collaboration such as what I am doing. In a nutshell, I initiated a patients’ recruitment protocol to collect and process blood samples from sickle cell and malaria patients and healthy controls at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. In tandem, I established a basic science laboratory unit at the Noguchi Memorial Institute, about 20 miles away from the hospital (about 2 hours by car – traffic in Accra makes Atlanta rush hour seem like a motor car race! After living in Atlanta for 11 years, I never thought I would say that!). I also ensured that I had the ethical clearances and the reagents and materials accordingly organized. I implicated strategic laboratories and key collaborators to take part in the study. So far I have collected about 400 samples in these few months–which is extraordinary given the number of things I must do with each patient sample. For example, from each sample, I collect plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, DNA, RNA, total blood filter papers stains, consent forms, detailed severity and history questionnaires, total blood count, parasite count and hemoglobin status.

Adel Driss Working in Ghana  1Additionally, I am also involved in the finding and characterization of serum microRNA infected with Mycrobacterium ulcerans (Buruli Ulcer) in the Ghanaian population. Buruli ulcer mainly affects the skin in mostly children under 15 years of age who live in poor rural communities. It is one of the 17 neglected tropical diseases. Patients who are not treated early suffer long-term functional disability. Along with the team I am working with, I have written and submitted a grant, and we are writing a new epidemiology article on the bacterium.

I have been extremely fortunate to have worked with fabulous teams here in Ghana. Together we have created a successful patients’ recruitment program, and we are now starting the actual molecular screening of genetic variations in that population. I could not do this without the assistance of Ghanaian people. There is such a potential to discover and to help. It really is worth the collaboration. Leadership, diplomacy and scientific integrity are key ingredients for the success of this mission and with the modest resources that I had, I was able manage it accordingly.Adel Driss Working in Ghana  4

This has been a wonderful experience. I feel that I accomplished something much more important than just a fellowship. I feel proud of all my friends and colleagues here. I would definitely recommend anyone to explore all that Africa—especially Ghana—has to offer. Fogarty Global Health Fellowship Program has several mentored programs in several African and low/middle income countries. If you have a chance, DO IT!!

With all this, I am also remotely volunteering with The Carter Center in Atlanta GA. Nowadays the world has become a village with new technologies and the internet. I have been volunteering there since 2008. I first started as a gardening volunteer and absolutely loved it. However I have since taken over the Volunteer Newsletter. I also help the Democracy Programs out with their translations as I am fluent in Arabic, French, Italian and English.  I’m also learning Spanish and Croatian since I am Croatian (European Union) and Tunisian (Africa) and hopefully soon US. I would have loved to meet The Carter Center interns and staff helping out in Ghana, but they are apparently far from Accra, in remote and difficult areas of the country.

I hope that The Carter Center is able to expand its health programs into malaria or buruli ulcer eradication now that the Guinea Worm Eradication Program is winding down. Since I have formed life-long connections to the individuals here in Ghana and have immense communicable disease knowledge, I would love to help and be a part of those programs!

I am anticipating to share the multitude of knowledge that I have gleaned from the Fogarty Program with others in order to improve the welfare of those suffering from communicable diseases. A career in the Global Health Sciences will allow me to help improve the human condition. So far it has been quite difficult to find a more stable position, but I am positive that I will be able to find one soon.

Carry on and do good work!

Adel

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